基于Simufact的乘用车前轮罩点焊变形模拟研究

130011） （中国第一汽车集团有限公司 材料与轻量化研究院，长春

摘要：以某乘用车钢制前轮罩总成为研究对象，模拟其点焊加工过程，研究不同焊道顺序及焊点顺序对前

轮罩总成点焊变形的影响，并探讨焊接顺序对点焊变形的作用原因。结果表明，相对于焊点顺序对点焊变形的影响，焊道顺序的变化对前轮罩总成点焊变形的影响更为显著，点焊变形的大小主要与第一条焊道的选择有关，第一条焊道所形成的连接结构刚度越大，则最终形成的前轮罩总成点焊变形量越小。

关键词：前轮罩 点焊 变形模拟中图分类号：U465.1；U466 文献标识码：B DOI: 10.19710/J.cnki.1003-8817.20210034 Simulation Study on Spot Welding Deformation of Front Wheel Cover for Passenger Car Based on Simufact Song Qingjun, Zhang Linyang, Li Jun, Zheng Hong

（Research Institute of Materials and Lightweight, China FAW Co., Ltd., Changchun 130011）

Abstract：spot welding process of front wheel cover assembly of a passenger car is simulated, and the influence of different welding beads and welding spot orders on the spot welding deformation of the front wheel cover assembly is studied, the cause of welding order on the spot welding deformation is discussed. The results show that, relative to the impact of welding spot order on spot welding deformation, the change of impact of welding bead order on spot welding deformation of the front wheel cover assembly is more significant. The size of the spot welding deformation is mainly related to the selection of the first welding bead. The greater the stiffness of the joint structure formed by the first welding bead, the smaller the spot welding deformation of the front wheel cover assembly. Key words: Front wheel cover, Spot welding, Deformation simulation

1 前言传统钢制车身前轮罩总成由不同板厚的钢板

经冲压和点焊连接而成[1]，前轮罩总成通常包含内

挡板、支撑板、挡泥板、连接板和辅助支架等组件，与车身前纵梁、上连接梁、前围挡板和悬架前滑柱等总成相连，其结构较为复杂，点焊过程会造成一定的变形，生产中对其点焊后的尺寸精度要求较

高[2]，如点焊后前轮罩总成的变形量过大，则会严重影响车身精度和前滑柱的安装质量，进而影响整车的尺寸精度和舒适性，因而工程上对前轮罩总成的点焊变形要求极为严格，在进行工艺设计前，需要针对不同的点焊顺序来研究总成的点焊变形趋势，进而优选出最佳的点焊顺序，保证总成

的尺寸精度满足设计要求。

Simufact以 有限元分析软件为平台，从网格划分、热源模型建立、点焊参数确定和初始边界条件设置等方面开展了前轮罩总成点焊变形模拟研究，探讨了不同点焊顺序对前轮罩总成焊后自由变形的影响规律，阐述了点焊顺序对焊后变形的影响原因，并优化出了最佳的焊接顺序，为实际前轮罩总成的点焊连接提供理论支持。

作者简介：宋庆军（1989—），男，工程师，工学硕士，研究方向为汽车用金属材料及连接技术。

参考文献引用格式：

宋庆军, 张林阳, 李军, 等. Simufact的乘用车前轮罩点焊变形模拟研究[J].汽车工艺与材料, 2021（11）：21-25.

基于

SONG Q J, ZHANF L Y, LI J, et al. Simulation Study on Spot Welding Deformation of Front Wheel Cover for Passenger Car Based on Simufact [J]. Automobile Technology & Material, 2021(11): 21-25.